Why do we study history?!
why_study_history_.pdf |
Introduction to New France
At some time in your life, you have probably been a newcomer (a person who has recently arrived) to a place - a community, a school, a club, or something similar. It sometimes involves strange and difficult feelings. In the 1530's, France began to send explorers to find new lands. The area around what is now called the St. Lawrence was among the new lands explored for France. Eventually, France decided to set up colonies there. People from France would live there on a permanent basis. Think about how these newcomers must have felt:
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Map of New France Assignment
Click on the example below to access your assignment in Google Classroom!
Early Canadian History
Your task:
- Look over the questions you will have to answer.
- Watch each video.
- Answer the five questions.
- Complete the graphic organizer.
Questions to think about while watching:
- How do you think the First Nations felt when meeting the Europeans for the first time?
- How might the First Nations have reacted when they saw that the Europeans were moving onto their lands and disrupting their way of life?
- Why was maple syrup important to the First Nations and the early settlers?
- Why do you think keeping the colony of New France was so important to France?
- Explain why there might be tensions between the English and the French at this time.
VikingsJacques CartierSyrup |
John CabotJean NicolletGovernor Frontenac |
early_canadian_history.docx |
People of New France - An Inquiry Assignment
Click here to access your assignment on google classroom!
The Loss of Acadia
At the beginning of the 1700's, the rivalry between the French and the British increased. Louis XIV was trying to make France the most powerful nation in Europe and got into a number of wars with Prussia (Germany) and Britain. Each war seemed to be bigger than the previous one. Britain and France not only fought in Europe, but also attacked each other's colonies in Asia, Africa, the Caribbean, and North America. They were fighting for global power. It was inevitable that these wars should have important consequences in North America.
Acadia was France's second colony in eastern North America. The king never seemed to give it as much attention as New France received; the military seemed to concentrate its efforts on defending New France. So Acadia was vulnerable to attack. In 1694, attackers from New England occupied Port Royal, but returned it to France in the peace treaty of 1697. As you can see from the map, Acadia could be attacked from a number of sides, for that reason, it was difficult to defend. |
The War of the Spanish Succession
One of the most important wars between France and Britain was the War of the Spanish Succession, when European countries fought to prevent France from taking over Spain and its colonies. It was fought between 1702 and 1713 and led to France's loss of Acadia.
loss_of_acadia_worksheet.docx |
The Deportation of Acadians
Look at this painting:
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This painting is called Reading the Order of Expulsion to the Acadians in the Parish Church at Grand-Pré in 1755 by C.W. Jefferys.
It depicts Colonel Winslow reading Governor Charles Lawrence’s letter telling the Acadian men that they are being deported from Acadia. |
Men- you have been locked in this church by British officials. You have just been told you have to leave you home and will not be allowed back. How do you feel? What do you do?
Women- your husbands and fathers have been locked in this church by the British officials. You have no idea what is going on, but you can hear sounds of protest coming from inside. How do you feel? What do you do? |
Your task:
1. Read page 52 in the textbook
2. Read the Acadian Expulsion fact cards
3. Create an opinion/fact sheet.
4. Click HERE to access your Acadian Expulsion paragraph assignment
5. Cick HERE to access your Acadian Expulsion cartoon assignment
1. Read page 52 in the textbook
2. Read the Acadian Expulsion fact cards
3. Create an opinion/fact sheet.
4. Click HERE to access your Acadian Expulsion paragraph assignment
5. Cick HERE to access your Acadian Expulsion cartoon assignment
The Seven Years War
The Seven Years War was the climax of the fighting between the British and the French. It was fought all over the world. In North America, the war got going seriously in 1758. In that year, the British captured Louisburg and destroyed the fortress. The St. Lawrence River now lay open to British invasion.
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1. Read pages 54-59 and complete worksheet
2. Canada: A People’s History (Volume 2, Episode 4: Battle for a Continent) Scenes 7 & 8
2. Canada: A People’s History (Volume 2, Episode 4: Battle for a Continent) Scenes 7 & 8
After the Treaty of Paris - 1763
After many years of conflict, France and England signed the Treaty of Paris in 1763. At that point, the British officially took over New France and renamed it Quebec. They soon realized there were a number of distinct groups within the colony. To complicate matters, the various groups wanted different things and it would be impossible to satisfy them all. In addition, groups outside of Quebec were also interested in the economic, cultural, and political future of the colony. This chart summarizes what each group wanted. The British wondered how to proceed. Whom should they try to please, and whose interests should they ignore?
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The Royal Proclamation
The Royal Proclamation, 1763 is a document that was issued by George III of Britain in 1763 at the end of the Seven Years’ War. This document officially claimed parts of North America as British territory.
North America 1763
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Who was living in the British territories?
- 70 000 Canadiens- French speaking Roman Catholics. Some families have been living here since the early 1600s
- 300-500 English merchants and farmers- arrived very recently to farm the land and to run shops and other businesses
- 59 000 First Nations- have been pushed farther and farther from their ancestral homes
- 2 500 000 in the American Thirteen Colonies- British citizens living on the east coast of what is now the United States
British Policy in Quebec
Now that Britain controls Quebec, they want to make some changes to how the area is governed.
- Limit Quebec to a very small area around the St Lawrence River
- Replace French law with English law
- Forbid settlers from moving into the interior, including the Ohio Valley
- Require all fur traders to get a license from the governor before going into the interior, including the Ohio Valley
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Your Task:
- You will be assigned one of the policy changes
- As a group, decide if each group of people would be in favour of, or opposed to the new change
- Come up with reasons why they would feel this way
- Record your answers on the chart given
- Be prepared to present your ideas to the class
British Carrot/Stick Assignment
In 1763, after they defeated the French, there were two points of view about how the British should treat the Canadiens - the "stick" approach and the "carrot" approach. They could treat them harshly, which would show them that the British were in control or, they could treat them with understanding, hoping to eventually win their support.
Your Task
1. Click HERE to access your assignment in Google Classroom.
British & The 13 Colonies
The British had 13 American colonies along the east coast, south of Quebec. They stretched from Massachusetts (now Maine) in the north to Georgia in the south. Various groups and individuals had founded the individual colonies. The colonies were quite different from one another. In the north, there were large forests and winters were severe. The middle colonies had rich agricultural lands for grain and vegetables. in the hot southern colonies, crops such as cotton and rice grew well.
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Your Task:
1. Read pages 78-80
2. Go to Google Classroom and complete the worksheet as you read.
Britain and the American Revolution
The new taxes and the Quebec act angered the British North Americans. In the summer of 1776, representatives of the Thirteen Colonies held a meeting in Philadelphia. They called it a Continental Congress. On July 4, 1776, they declared that the United States of America was an independent nation. The American Revolutionary War (also known as the War of Independence) broke out. It lasted until 1783. Which side would Quebec take?
Your Task:
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The War of 1812
Some people are Canadian citizens because they were born here. Many people born in other countries become citizens through the Government of Canada's citizenship program. Applicants must be prepared to take an oath of citizenship as a demonstration of loyalty. An oath is a formal promise. Here is the oath they must take:
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"I swear (or affirm) that I will be faithful and bear true allegiance to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Canada, Her Heirs and successors, and that I will faithfully observe the laws of Canada and fulfill my duties as a Canadian Citizen".
Earlier you learned about the importance of the monarchy in the period when the Loyalists were active. In the War of 1812, British North Americans again fought to defend against the threat of being taken over by the United States, choosing to remain under the monarch. As today's oath of citizenship shows, the defenders of the monarchy were successful. This is another example of how the history of that period affects us today.